Health and nutrition are closely linked. Food consumed by a person, is required for the construction and functioning of his body; In addition, food is of great importance in terms of preventive medicine, physical culture and sports. In the old days, doctors had to deal mainly with the effects of malnutrition; now their attention increasingly require of overeating. Excess food along with physical inactivity is the world leading position among risk factors, because it leads to obesity, satellites, which are often the "diseases of civilization", as well as to reduce life expectancy. Obesity is the accelerated aging; so, 18-20-year-old girls on the radiograph changes to the bones, which typically have 50-60 years, decreased functional activity of all organs and body systems. Statistics show that people suffering from obesity live on average 6-8 years less than people with normal weight. Mortality in patients with obese men increased by 35-42% of women 25-35%.
When overeating education energy prevails over its spending. Not only fat, but also the body of carbs and protein into fat, deposited in the fat Depot. Excess consumption of food and especially harmful in those periods when decreasing the body's ènergotraty, i.e. in the period 1st 2 adulthood and beyond.
Much less prone to obesity due to heredity, associated with endocrine disorders. Such cases make up no more than 20-30% of all its forms. The most common form is associated with metabolic obesity caused by mismanagement, excessive, unbalanced nutrition and physical inactivity. Often enough, even in cases of obesity, the primary role of the family in the development of this disease is not genetic factors, how many well-established family tradition to turn a meal into a cult. In such families are often observed obesity of children that has occurred in connection with the systematic perekarmlivaniem.
However, obesity is not always a consequence of gross overeating, excessive caloric intake. It can occur when an unobtrusive, small but regular flow of food energy excess material. For example, excess input 100 kcal per day (this is 50 grams of bread) can lead to deposition of 10 g of fat in the body, which is 300 per month, and per year-more than 3 kg.
There are many studies confirming the neblagotvornoe the impact of malnutrition on the human body. So, in the survey of working on chemical manufacturing women (n = 1300), it was established that the level of female pathology was significantly higher with nepolnocennom nutrition and violation. Thus, when the diet was 11.5 cases of inflammatory diseases of female genital sphere to 100 employees, and otherwise-22; When nutrition was 5 miscarriages and nepolnocennom-16.1.
Study of the usefulness of the population spent over 25 years found that most are almost one and the same infringement in nutrition: the excess carbohydrates and fats of animal origin, the lack of vegetables, fruits and berries, as well as violation of the regime. Each of these violations, even individual can affect human health.
According to academician A.a. Bohomolets essential for longevity, health, disability, health is proper nutrition. Food is one of the major ongoing environmental factors, providing a very significant impact on human health. According to academician Dr. Chebotareva, "food-almost the only means, prolongiruûŝee species, life expectancy at 25-40%."
Among geroprotectors (literal translation "protect against old age") of great interest was limited, mainly on the caloric value of the food. Food should be qualitatively high-grade, but quantitatively insufficient, i.e., it should contain all the necessary biologically active substances, but calorie-give a normal diet.
Nutrition Institute of the Academy of medical sciences found that less premature aging and regeneration of cells in malignant contributes 18% of the diet, which is rich in proteins, methionine, lysine and cystine and no excess of tryptophan. This ratio indicated in proteins beef, cod.
The power limit increases the average duration by reducing mortality in young age (when the protective forces of an organism at a higher level), namely in the elderly. Limited food moves in time to onset of some diseases.
Energy-deficient diet leads to ' energy expenditure at rest.
To increase the metabolic rate at rest is influenced by the exercise of power, which is an important factor in improving the effectiveness of self-regulation of balance
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